Required rate of return (RRR) gives investors a benchmark to determine the minimum acceptable return on an investment considering the risk involved. By calculating RRR, investors can assess whether an ...

In this post, I turn my attention to divergences in risk across companies, looking at alternative measures of risk and how ...

Excess returns are returns achieved that are more significant than the return of a proxy. Excess returns will depend on a designated investment return comparison for analysis.

Explore the capital asset pricing model's (CAPM) insights on risk and return, and its strengths and weaknesses to empower your investment choices.

Bunds have underperformed versus risk-free rates at an accelerated pace amid structural headwinds from supply and the ECB’s quantitative tightening. In money markets, the pricing of German collateral ...